Thursday, March 30, 2006
Thursday, March 23, 2006
Tuesday, March 21, 2006
Foolish beat
Verse 1:
There was a time when
Broken hearts and broken dreams
Were over.
There was a place where
All you could do was
Wish on a four leaf clover.
But now is a new time
There is a new place
Where dreams just can’t come true.
It started the day when I left you
Chorus:
I could never love again the way that I loved you
I could never cry again like I did when I left you
And when we said goodbye,
Oh the look in your eyes
Just left me beside myself without your heart
(without your heart)
I could never love again now that we’re apart
Verse 2:
When I was sorry
It was too late to turn around (turn around)
And tell you so.
There was no reason
There was no reason
Just a foolish beat of my heart.
Chorus
Bridge:
Oh, can’t you see I’m not fooling nobody
Don’t you see the tears are falling down my face
Since you went away
Break my heart, you slipped away
Didn’t know I was wrong
Never meant to hurt you now you’re gone
I could never love again now that we’re apart.
(now that we’re apart)
I could never love again now that we’re apart.
There was a time when
Broken hearts and broken dreams
Were over.
There was a place where
All you could do was
Wish on a four leaf clover.
But now is a new time
There is a new place
Where dreams just can’t come true.
It started the day when I left you
Chorus:
I could never love again the way that I loved you
I could never cry again like I did when I left you
And when we said goodbye,
Oh the look in your eyes
Just left me beside myself without your heart
(without your heart)
I could never love again now that we’re apart
Verse 2:
When I was sorry
It was too late to turn around (turn around)
And tell you so.
There was no reason
There was no reason
Just a foolish beat of my heart.
Chorus
Bridge:
Oh, can’t you see I’m not fooling nobody
Don’t you see the tears are falling down my face
Since you went away
Break my heart, you slipped away
Didn’t know I was wrong
Never meant to hurt you now you’re gone
I could never love again now that we’re apart.
(now that we’re apart)
I could never love again now that we’re apart.
Monday, March 20, 2006
Saturday, March 18, 2006
Slide 003 Basophilic stippling
Slide 003 Basophilic stippling: "These four images (link)were taken from the March 1997 Cytohematology Proficiency Test Event - Slide 003. All four images show red cells with basophilic stippling. Basophilic stippling is present as many course blue-purple staining granules within the red blood cell. The particles are precipitated ribosomal protein (RNA) seen in lead poisoning, severe bacterial infection, drug exposure, alcoholism, anemias with impaired hemoglobin synthesis, megaloblastic anemia, and refractory anemia."
Friday, March 17, 2006
Gowers' maneuver Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
.bmp)
This is the Gowers' sign in a patient with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy seen when the patient uses his hand and arms to "walk" up his own body from a squatting position due to weakness of the proximal muscles (lack of hip and thigh muscle strength)
Wednesday, March 15, 2006
Skull
Skull base
This is a little presentation about Anatomy and Pathology of the Skull.
Esta es una presentacion sobre la anatomia y patologia craneal
This is a little presentation about Anatomy and Pathology of the Skull.
Esta es una presentacion sobre la anatomia y patologia craneal
PATHOLOGY—HIGH-YIELD CLINICAL VIGNETTES
These are abstracted medical case vignettes (Pathology)
Patient has multiple fractures, anemia, cranial nerve deficits → in which of the following cell types is there a defect? → osteoclasts (e.g., osteopetrosis).
35-year-old man has high blood pressure in arms and low pressure in legs →what is the diagnosis? →coarctation of the aorta.
Woman presents with diffuse goiter and hyperthyroidism → what are the expected values of TSH and thyroid hormones? → low TSH and high thyroid hormones.
Patient exhibits an extended expiratory phase → what is the disease process? → obstructive lung disease.
Woman presents with headache, visual disturbance, galactorrhea, and amenorrhea → what is the diagnosis? →prolactinoma.
Baby has foul-smelling stool and recurrent pulmonary infections → what is the diagnosis, and what test is used? → cystic fibrosis, chloride sweat test.
Obese woman presents with hirsutism and increased levels of serum testosterone → what is the diagnosis? → polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Man presents with extensive destruction of knees, subcutaneous nodules, and exquisite pain the metatarsophalangeal joint → biopsy shows needle-like crystals → what is the diagnosis? → gouty arthritis.
48-year-old female with progressive lethargy and cold intolerance → what is the diagnosis? →hypothyroidism.
Patient with elevated serum cortisol levels undergoes dexamethasone suppression test. One milligram of dexamethasone does not decrease cortisol levels; 8 mg does → what is the diagnosis?→ pituitary tumor.
During a game, a young basketball player collapses and dies immediately →what type of cardiac disease? → hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Child has been anemic since birth. Splenectomy would result in increased hematocrit in what disease? →spherocytosis.
43-year-old man experiences dizziness and tinnitus. CT shows enlarged internal acoustic meatus→ what is the diagnosis? → schwannoma.
Child exhibits weakness and enlarged calves → what is the disease, and how is it inherited? →Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, X-linked recessive.
25-year-old female presents with sudden uniocular vision loss and slightly slurred speech. She has a history of weakness and paresthesias that have resolved → what is the diagnosis? → MS.
Teenager presents with nephritic syndrome and hearing loss → what is his disease? → Alport’s syndrome.
Tall, thin male teenager has abrupt-onset dyspnea and left-sided chest pain. There is hyperresonant percussion on the affected side, and breath sounds are diminished. → what is the diagnosis? → pneumothorax.
Young man is concerned about his wife’s inability to conceive and her recurrent URIs. She has dextrocardia → which of her proteins is defective? → dynein (Kartagener’s).
55-year-old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flu-like symptoms →Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram-negative rods →what is the diagnosis? →Legionella.
Patient has a stroke after incurring multiple long bone fractures in MVA trauma → what caused the infarct? → fat emboli.
25-year-old woman presents with a low-grade fever and a rash across her nose that gets worse when she is out in the sun → you are concerned about what disease? → SLE.
50-year-old man complains of diarrhea; on physical exam his face seems plethoric and a heart murmur is detected → what is the diagnosis? → carcinoid syndrome.
Elderly woman presents with a headache and jaw pain → labs show elevated ESR → what is the diagnosis? → temporal arteritis.
Pregnant woman at 16 weeks of gestation presents with an atypically large abdomen → what abnormality might be seen on blood test, and what is the disorder? → high hCG; hydatidiform mole.
80-year-old man presents with a systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur → what is the most likely cause? → aortic stenosis.
Woman of short stature presents with shortened 4th and 5th metacarpals → what endocrine disorder comes to mind? → Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy, or pseudohypoparathyroidism.
After a stressful life event, 30-year-old man has diarrhea and blood per rectum; intestinal biopsy shows transmural inflammation → what is the diagnosis? → Crohn’s.
Young man presents with mental deterioration and tremors. He has brown pigmentation in a ring around the periphery of his cornea and altered LFTs →what treatment should he receive? →penicillamine for Wilson’s disease.
Patient presents with signs of vitamin B12 deficiency → why not give folate? → masks signs of neural damage.
10-year-old child “spaces out” in class (e.g., stops talking midsentence and then continues as if nothing had happened). During spells, there is slight quivering of lips →what is the diagnosis? → absence seizure.
Source: FA
Patient has multiple fractures, anemia, cranial nerve deficits → in which of the following cell types is there a defect? → osteoclasts (e.g., osteopetrosis).
35-year-old man has high blood pressure in arms and low pressure in legs →what is the diagnosis? →coarctation of the aorta.
Woman presents with diffuse goiter and hyperthyroidism → what are the expected values of TSH and thyroid hormones? → low TSH and high thyroid hormones.
Patient exhibits an extended expiratory phase → what is the disease process? → obstructive lung disease.
Woman presents with headache, visual disturbance, galactorrhea, and amenorrhea → what is the diagnosis? →prolactinoma.
Baby has foul-smelling stool and recurrent pulmonary infections → what is the diagnosis, and what test is used? → cystic fibrosis, chloride sweat test.
Obese woman presents with hirsutism and increased levels of serum testosterone → what is the diagnosis? → polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Man presents with extensive destruction of knees, subcutaneous nodules, and exquisite pain the metatarsophalangeal joint → biopsy shows needle-like crystals → what is the diagnosis? → gouty arthritis.
48-year-old female with progressive lethargy and cold intolerance → what is the diagnosis? →hypothyroidism.
Patient with elevated serum cortisol levels undergoes dexamethasone suppression test. One milligram of dexamethasone does not decrease cortisol levels; 8 mg does → what is the diagnosis?→ pituitary tumor.
During a game, a young basketball player collapses and dies immediately →what type of cardiac disease? → hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Child has been anemic since birth. Splenectomy would result in increased hematocrit in what disease? →spherocytosis.
43-year-old man experiences dizziness and tinnitus. CT shows enlarged internal acoustic meatus→ what is the diagnosis? → schwannoma.
Child exhibits weakness and enlarged calves → what is the disease, and how is it inherited? →Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, X-linked recessive.
25-year-old female presents with sudden uniocular vision loss and slightly slurred speech. She has a history of weakness and paresthesias that have resolved → what is the diagnosis? → MS.
Teenager presents with nephritic syndrome and hearing loss → what is his disease? → Alport’s syndrome.
Tall, thin male teenager has abrupt-onset dyspnea and left-sided chest pain. There is hyperresonant percussion on the affected side, and breath sounds are diminished. → what is the diagnosis? → pneumothorax.
Young man is concerned about his wife’s inability to conceive and her recurrent URIs. She has dextrocardia → which of her proteins is defective? → dynein (Kartagener’s).
55-year-old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flu-like symptoms →Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram-negative rods →what is the diagnosis? →Legionella.
Patient has a stroke after incurring multiple long bone fractures in MVA trauma → what caused the infarct? → fat emboli.
25-year-old woman presents with a low-grade fever and a rash across her nose that gets worse when she is out in the sun → you are concerned about what disease? → SLE.
50-year-old man complains of diarrhea; on physical exam his face seems plethoric and a heart murmur is detected → what is the diagnosis? → carcinoid syndrome.
Elderly woman presents with a headache and jaw pain → labs show elevated ESR → what is the diagnosis? → temporal arteritis.
Pregnant woman at 16 weeks of gestation presents with an atypically large abdomen → what abnormality might be seen on blood test, and what is the disorder? → high hCG; hydatidiform mole.
80-year-old man presents with a systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur → what is the most likely cause? → aortic stenosis.
Woman of short stature presents with shortened 4th and 5th metacarpals → what endocrine disorder comes to mind? → Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy, or pseudohypoparathyroidism.
After a stressful life event, 30-year-old man has diarrhea and blood per rectum; intestinal biopsy shows transmural inflammation → what is the diagnosis? → Crohn’s.
Young man presents with mental deterioration and tremors. He has brown pigmentation in a ring around the periphery of his cornea and altered LFTs →what treatment should he receive? →penicillamine for Wilson’s disease.
Patient presents with signs of vitamin B12 deficiency → why not give folate? → masks signs of neural damage.
10-year-old child “spaces out” in class (e.g., stops talking midsentence and then continues as if nothing had happened). During spells, there is slight quivering of lips →what is the diagnosis? → absence seizure.
Source: FA
Tuesday, March 14, 2006
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISEASES
| Disease Adult polycystic kidney disease Familial Hipercolesterolemia Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Marphan Syndrome Neurofibromatosis type I Neurofibromatosis type I Von Hipplel-Lindau disease Hunginton's Disease Hereditary Spherocytosis Tuberous Sclerosis Acondroplasia | Remarks Mutation APKD1 (chr 16) Hyperlipidemia type IIA FAP Ch 5 AD Positive Colon Ca Fibrillin gene mutation Von Recklinghausen's disease q17 Bilateral Acustic Neuroma Deletion of VHL gene chr 3p chr 4 triplet repeat disorder Increased MCHC Tuberous Sclerosis Acondroplasia |
| AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISEASE Cystic fibrosis Albinism α1-antitrypsin deficiency Phenylketonuria Thalassemias Sickle cell anemias Glycogen storage diseases Mucopolysaccharidoses (except Hunter’s) Sphingolipidoses (except Fabry’s) Infant polycystic kidney disease Hemochromatosis. | X-LINKED RECESSIVE DISEASE Fragile X Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy Hemophilia A and B Fabry’s G6PD deficiency Hunter’s syndrome Ocular albinism Lesch–Nyhan syndrome Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome |
Monday, March 13, 2006
Wednesday, March 08, 2006
Tuesday, March 07, 2006
Monday, March 06, 2006
Spongiform encephalopathy
This is a spongiform encephalopathy of the brain. In humans, this disease is most often manifested as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rapidly progressive dementia. Histologically, there are small holes (spongiform change) seen with H&E. This disease is produced by the presence of an abnormal prion protein.
Source: WebPath
Encefalopatia espongiforme cerebral. Esta enfermedad se manifiesta en humanos como la enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob, que es una demencia rapidamente progresiva. Histologicamente se pueden observar los cambios espongiformes (pequenos orificios) con la tincion de H&E. Esta enfermedad es producida por la presencia de un prion proteico anormal.
Source: WebPath
Encefalopatia espongiforme cerebral. Esta enfermedad se manifiesta en humanos como la enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob, que es una demencia rapidamente progresiva. Histologicamente se pueden observar los cambios espongiformes (pequenos orificios) con la tincion de H&E. Esta enfermedad es producida por la presencia de un prion proteico anormal.
Sunday, March 05, 2006
Saturday, March 04, 2006
Pharmacology Mnemonics & More
Pharma
Pharmacology Mnemonics
PSICOFARMACOS - INTERACCIONES -SECUNDARIOPATIAS
Uso Racional de Antibióticos
PNS Pharmacology of the Peripheral Nervous System
Adrenoreceptor
Adrenoreceptor
Adrenoreceptor
Pharmacology Mnemonics
PSICOFARMACOS - INTERACCIONES -SECUNDARIOPATIAS
Uso Racional de Antibióticos
PNS Pharmacology of the Peripheral Nervous System
Adrenoreceptor
Adrenoreceptor
Adrenoreceptor
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